如图所示电路,电源两端电压保持不变,灯L标有“6V 6W”字样.只断开开关S1时,电压表的示数为U;只闭合S

2025-05-07 02:54:52
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

由于灯L标有“6V 6W”字样,则有P=

U2
R
得:RL=
U2
P
=
(6V)2
6W
=6Ω;
只断开S1、只闭合S1和开关都断开时等效电路图分别如图甲、乙和丙所示.

(1)在乙、丙两图中:
∵电源电压不变,
∴根据欧姆定律可得:
I
I′
=
R1+RL+R2
RL+R2
=
2
1

整理可得:R1=RL+R2
∵串联电路中各处的电流相等,
在丙图中:
U
U′
=
R1+RL+R2
R1+RL
=
RL+R2+RL+R2
RL+R2+RL
=
2RL+2R2
R1+2RL
=
7
5

R2=
4
3
RL=
4
3
×6Ω=8Ω;
(2)定值电阻R1的电阻值:
R1=RL+R2=6Ω+8Ω=14Ω,
图丙中灯L的实际功率为1.5W,则由P=I2R得:
电流I′=IL=
PL
RL